Exercise (Tentative)
1. DSS or Decision Support System is one of example complex system in daily life that can be managed by computational system. DSS is part of a computer-based information system that is used to support business or decision-making activities in an organization. The purpose of DSS includes serving management, operations, increasing effectiveness in making a decision. DSS can be used as a supporting tool for managers.
One example of the application of DSS in large companies in Indonesia is from PT. Telkom.
PT. Telkom makes an application that can be used to facilitate the company in making fast and accurate decisions made based on data and facts from the field. Telkom E-Service application will be able to help evaluate the selection of the development of an appropriate access network that will be developed by the company, because Telkom E-Service also functions to establish relationships between PT. Telkom and customers. With the existence of Telkom E-Service, PT. Telkom can find out the suggestions given by customers to develop their business, especially about Telkom Speedy whether it is via wireless or wireline (direct line cable).
With the DSS system, companies can quickly respond to customer complaints and decision making in the company is also more effective and efficient. This provides benefits for PT. Telkom and customer. This thing can help PT. Telkom is not losing its customers and will continue to be accepted by consumers. If PT. Telkom is accepted by consumers, PT. Telkom will be able to survive and be able to compete with other companies.
2. Try to differentiate between 4 types of problem context for different system, which is based on by The Cynefin Framework for leadership. The Cynefin Framework consists of 4 types of problem context:
Situations that have a clear stability and causal relationship. Generally the correct answer in this situation is the best answer and is rarely questioned again. Environments which are stated as simple situations generally rarely change. An example of a simple situation is the procedure of buying and selling goods, where the procedure for payment and receipt of goods is clear. The following are problems that often occur in this condition:
- A problem can be wrongly categorized as a simple domain because it is too simple.
- Leaders who are already comfortable with the old process tend not to accept new ideas that might be more effective.
- Changes may be realized by managers too late.
Complicated has more than one solution but the causal relationship is still clear. In a complicated situation, the leader should do the sense, analyze, and response to find solutions in this situation. The approach to finding solutions to complicated situations requires the help of an expert / expert. This situation can have more than one answer, the problem is finding the best answer.
An example of a Complicated situation is if a computer user is aware of a calculation error made by a computer program. To fix this, computer users need the help of a programmer to check the logic in the program and fix it. The following are problems that often occur in this condition:
- Leaders only want to listen to solutions from experts.
- A team consisting of experts generally has the risk of failure because of the ego of the experts.
- Strive to always bring stakeholders to question the opinion of an expert.
Complex is a situation that doesn't have a definite answer. Companies can be in this situation if there are major changes such as a bad business climate, change of management, mergers, etc. Complex situations cannot be predicted, the leader should experiment until a clear pattern emerges. The leader must also consider the risk of failure of the experiment so as not to waste resources, but the experiment must still be able to get out of this situation. Leaders who try to force to make complex problems become organized will generally only fail. They should step back and wait for a pattern to emerge and determine which pattern has the greatest possibility to succeed. The following are problems that often occur in this condition:
- The manager insists on using the "Command and Control" pattern which is only suitable for simple problems.
- Managers fear failure and prefer business plans that are truly anti-fail.
- Experiment failure may be high enough to get a clear pattern.
- The controls are too strict so it kills innovation.
In a chaotic situation, the company must immediately find the right answer, generally useless because the situation continues to change and does not have a definite pattern. Chaotic situations require leaders to build order, feel where stability is or disappear, and work to turn chaotic situations into chaotic situations that have turned into complex, emergent patterns can be identified and then used as a means of preventing the same crisis in the future and opening up new opportunity. Direct communication of subordinate superiors without intermediaries is important, but this situation makes it impossible to accept input due to time constraints.
Chaotic situations can be a good place to foster innovation. One good technique for managing chaos and innovation in parallel is to form two groups. The first group will focus on solving problems, the second group will focus on finding a radical idea.
3. Grab company on managing big data analytics:
By doing rewriting the data syste, every two years so that the data can be processed in a structured manner by the Grab company itself, I think the company takes too long time because as we know that nowadays the technologies are very in advance. One of the ways that Grab companies might do this is to increase the rate of data rewriting from once in two years to become shorter about once a year, his is because the patterns in a year can be similar and can be more detailed knowing in more detail so that even though it may be somewhat consuming the cost is more expensive but it may be more worth it because the presence of this data can make Grab companies "steal" the available opportunities.
Grab is one of the O2O mobile platforms in Southeast Asia, which provides a number of services that are most needed to support the daily activities of consumers. Travel, eat, send packages and groceries and pay with one electronic wallet. Approximately seven years of operation (2012 - 2019), Grab already has 8.5 million micro entrepreneurs including driver partners in Southeast Asia. Grab service coverage is available in 335 cities, 222 of which are Indonesia. The Grab application has been downloaded more than 130 million times. While the number of Grab employees is more than 5,000. At present, Grab provides GrabBike services for two-wheeled vehicles, GrabCar, Grab Gerak for customers with special needs, and Grab Taxi. Regarding to software, GrabPlatform is a series of APIs (application programming interface) for partners to integrate their services with Grab like logistics and payment.. Grab will add a variety of daily services to the Grab application. GrabFresh, an on-demand grocery delivery service, will be introduced during the trial period this month (July 2018). The size of the Grab application when downloaded on the Google Play Store is 57MB.
References
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS). (2017, March 26). Retrieved from scdc binus:
http://scdc.binus.ac.id/himsisfo/2017/03/decision-support-system-dss/
Septia Lutfi, S. M. (2015, November 01). PENERAPAN
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM DALAM PERUSAHAAN. Retrieved from Sistem Informasi
Manajemen:
http://sim-septialutfi-11140345-putrirakhma.blogspot.com/2015/11/penerapan-decision-support-system-dalam.html
Ferry.
(2019, July 05). THE CYNEFIN FRAMEWORK. Retrieved from sis binus :
https://sis.binus.ac.id/2019/07/05/the-cynefin-framework/
Grab Perkenalkan Strategi
Platform Terbuka Untuk Ciptakan ‘Everyday Superapp’ Pertama di Asia Tenggara. (2018, Juli 10).
Diambil kembali dari Grab:
https://www.grab.com/id/press/business/grab-perkenalkan-strategi-platform-terbuka-untuk-ciptakan-everyday-superapp-pertama-di-asia-tenggara/
GrabCar JAKARTA – Pemenang pengambilan orderan GrabPay
terbanyak. (2017, February 06).
Retrieved from Grab:
https://www.grab.com/id/blog/driver/grabcar-jakarta-pemenang-pengambilan-orderan-grabpay-terbanyak/
Snowden, D. J., &
Boone, M. E. (2007, November). A Leader’s Framework for Decision Making.
Diambil kembali dari hbr.org:
https://hbr.org/2007/11/a-leaders-framework-for-decision-making
Telkom E-Service. (2013, September 01). Retrieved from facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Telkom-E-Service-217472055077669/
Yusra, Y. (2019, February 21). Rencana Grab
Luncurkan GrabBajay untuk Pengguna di Jakarta. Retrieved from
dailysocial.id:
https://dailysocial.id/post/rencana-grab-luncurkan-grabbajay-untuk-pengguna-di-jakarta
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